STORY HIGHLIGHTS
- NEW: House Budget Chairman Paul Ryan will vote for Boehner's tax proposal
- President Obama suggests Republicans are fixated on besting him personally
- Obama: It's "puzzling" that GOP leaders have yet to agree to a deal
- Without a deal, everyone's taxes go up in the new year
Washington (CNN) -- After progress earlier this week in fiscal cliff negotiations, President Barack Obama and House Speaker John Boehner firmly butted heads Wednesday to set up a showdown in the final days left to reach an agreement.
In a candid assessment of the tough talks, Obama told reporters that Republicans were focused too much on besting him personally instead of thinking about what's best for the country.
"Take the deal," Obama said of Republicans, adding the proposal under discussion would "reduce the deficit more than any other deficit reduction package" and would amount to a significant achievement.
"They should be proud of it," Obama said. "But they keep on finding ways to say 'no', as opposed to finding ways to say 'yes.' "
The comments at a White House news conference came less than two weeks before the nation faces automatic tax increases on everyone, as well as deep spending cuts due to the fiscal cliff at the end of the year.
Boehner made his own statement later Wednesday, saying Obama had yet to make a proposal offering his promised approach of balance between increased revenue and spending cuts.
He said the House will instead pass a fallback tax plan Thursday that limits tax hikes to income above $1 million. While a concession from his original opposition to any kind of increase in tax rates, the Boehner plan sets a significantly higher threshold for a rate hike than the $400,000 level sought by Obama.
The president can either persuade Senate Democrats to accept the House measure or "be responsible for the largest tax increase in American history," Boehner said before walking off without answering shouted questions from reporters.
Until now, the incremental negotiations focused on a roughly $2 trillion package of new revenue, spending cuts and entitlement reforms the two sides have shaped into a broad deficit reduction plan.
Boehner added a new wrinkle to the talks on Tuesday by proposing his plan B of the limited tax measure to extend Bush-era tax cuts on income of $1 million and below. He described it as a fallback option to prevent a sweeping tax hike while negotiations continue on the broader overall plan.
However, the Obama administration and congressional Democrats said Boehner changed course because he was unable to get Republican support for the larger deal being negotiated with Obama.
At his news conference Wednesday, Obama alluded to last Friday's Connecticut school shootings in calling on Republicans to put aside such political brinksmanship, saying that "if there's one thing we should have after this week, it should be perspective about what's important."
"Right now, what the country needs is for us to compromise," he said, calling what he characterized as a GOP refusal to accept a reasonable compromise on the table as "puzzling."
Asked why an agreement proved so difficult to attain after both sides made major concessions in the past week, Obama said it might be that "it is very hard for them to say 'yes' to me."
"At some point they've got to take me out of it," Obama said of Republicans, adding they should instead focus on "doing something good for the country."
Boehner responded by arguing that Obama's latest proposal was not evenly balanced, with more new revenue opposed by Republicans instead of spending cuts and entitlement reforms they seek.
With automatic tax hikes looming for all, Boehner said, his plan B proposal would "make permanent tax relief for nearly every American."
While addressing part of the fiscal cliff, the Boehner plan B would leave intact government spending cuts, including defense, that are required under a budget deal reached last year to raise the federal debt ceiling. Known as sequestration, the cuts were intended to motivate Congress to reach a deficit reduction deal to avoid them.
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Obama said Wednesday the Boehner proposal "defies logic" because it raises tax rates on some Americans, which Republicans said they didn't want, and lacks any spending cuts, which Republicans say they do want.
He also criticized the Boehner measure as a benefit for wealthy Americans, who also would have lower tax rates extended on their income up to $1 million.
The White House and congressional Democrats say the Boehner plan B has no chance of passing Congress, and Obama added that bringing it up now wasted time as the deadline for an agreement looms closer.
In a background briefing with reporters, senior administration officials said no further talks have occurred between Obama and Boehner since Monday. According to the officials, Obama will delay his planned holiday trip to Hawaii on Friday if no deal is reached by then.
This week, Republican Rep. Steve Womack of Arkansas called Boehner's move a negotiating tactic, and GOP leaders sought to corral support for the plan B option.
They planned to vote Thursday on Boehner's proposal, as well as Obama's long-standing demand to return to higher tax rates of the 1990s on income above $250,000 for families.
House Budget Chairman Paul Ryan, a leading conservative who was the Republican vice presidential nominee in the November election, will vote for Boehner's plan, a spokesman said Wednesday.
Obama made the tax proposal a central theme of his re-election campaign, arguing that it prevented a tax increase for middle-class Americans in a time of needed fiscal austerity.
Polls consistently show strong public support for the Obama plan, and some Republicans have called for giving the president what he wants on the tax issue in order to focus negotiations on the spending cuts and entitlement reforms sought by their party.
As part of the broader talks on reducing the nation's chronic federal deficits and debt, Obama on Monday raised the threshold for the higher tax rates to $400,000.
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Boehner and Republicans initially opposed any rise in tax rates but conceded to raising more revenue by eliminating some deductions and loopholes. The offer of a plan with higher rates for millionaires represented a further concession, but Obama and Democrats say it is not enough to ensure sufficient revenue from wealthy Americans as part of a deficit reduction package.
Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada said Boehner's backup plan appeared to be a result of pressure from tea party conservatives opposing a wider deal.
"It would be a shame if Republicans abandoned productive negotiations due to pressure from the tea party, as they have time and again," Reid said this week.
Boehner's spokesman, Michael Steel, shot back that the plan B proposal gave Democrats exactly what they wanted -- higher tax rates on millionaires. He noted that the Senate passed a similar measure in 2010, saying that to oppose Boehner's plan now would make Democrats responsible for failing to avoid the fiscal cliff.
That brought a response from a spokesman for Democratic Sen. Charles Schumer of New York, who came up with the 2010 compromise that never won House approval.
Since the 2010 vote, "we've had an election on the president's tax plan, the president won, and Republicans can't turn the clock back," said the spokesman, Brian Fallons.
"It's not surprising Republicans are having buyer's remorse, but we need higher revenues now," Fallons said. "The more revenue we raise up front through a tax rate increase on the wealthy, the less likely the middle class will get hit on the deduction side."
Conservatives trying to shrink the federal government generally oppose increasing tax revenue. They are particularly opposed to higher tax rates because history shows that once rates go up, it is difficult to later reduce government revenue by lowering them again.
Obama and Democrats argue that increased revenue, including higher tax rates on the wealthy, must be part of broader deficit reduction to prevent the middle class from getting hit too hard.
The president previously said that once Republicans agreed to higher tax rates on wealthy Americans, he would be willing to compromise on spending cuts and entitlement reforms sought by Boehner as part of what the president calls a balanced approach.
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After weeks of little progress and much ideological pontificating, both sides started making concessions after two face-to-face meetings last week.
Over the weekend, Boehner offered for the first time to accept tax rate increases on household income of $1 million and above, sources said. The speaker also offered to allow the president to raise the debt ceiling in 2013 without a messy political fight, another key Obama demand.
In response, Obama on Monday offered $200 million in new cuts to discretionary federal government spending, divided evenly between defense and non-defense programs.
The president also included for the first time a provision to change the formula for adjusting entitlement benefits for inflation based on the consumer price index, or CPI, and he dropped an extension of a payroll tax cut from the past two years.
According to a source who provided CNN with details of Obama's counteroffer, it included $1.2 trillion in revenue increases and $1.22 trillion in spending reductions.
However, Republicans disputed those figures, saying the Obama offer really was $1.3 trillion in additional revenue and $850 billion in spending reductions.
Working out those differences appeared to be a key to reaching a comprehensive deficit reduction deal by the end of the year.
While Obama's latest offer brought the two sides billions of dollars closer, it also generated protests from the liberal base of the Democratic Party because it included some benefit cuts in entitlement programs such as Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid.
Justin Ruben, executive director of MoveOn, the liberal movement that backed Obama's presidential campaigns, said the group's members would consider any benefit cuts "a betrayal that sells out working and middle-class families."
In particular, liberals cited concessions that Obama made in his Monday counteroffer, including the new inflation formula applied to benefits that is called chained CPI.
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The chained CPI includes assumptions on consumer habits with regard to rising prices, such as seeking cheaper alternatives, and would result in smaller benefit increases in future years.
Statistics supplied by opponents say the change would mean Social Security recipients would get $6,000 less in benefits over the first 15 years of chained CPI.
However, Carney, the White House spokesman, said Obama's CPI proposal includes a provision "that would protect vulnerable communities including the very elderly when it comes to Social Security recipients." He called the president's acceptance of the chained CPI a signal of his willingness to compromise.
Congress had been scheduled to end its work last week, but legislators returned to Washington on Monday and leaders warned members to be prepared to stay until Christmas, return after the holiday and stay until the end of the year.
Last week, U.S. Rep. Chris Van Hollen, D-Maryland, said a deal would have to be reached by Christmas to allow time for the legislative process to approve the required measure or measures by the end of the year.
CNN's Dan Lothian, Dana Bash, Deirdre Walsh and Brianna Keilar contributed to this report.
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